What is Low Platelet Count?
Thrombocytopenia is one of the most prevalent hematological disorders. Which is characterized by an abnormally small amount of platelets. Above all, the normal number of thrombocytes ( platelets ) per microliter ranges from 150k to 450k thrombocytopenia’s clinical expression varies widely from asymptomatic to life-threatening.
What are Low platelet count symptoms?
- Superficial bleeding of reddish-purple spots (petechiae).
- Prolonged bleeding from cuts
- Bleeding from your gums or nose
- Blood in urine or stools
- Enlarged spleen
- Unusually heavy menstrual flows
- Fatigue
- Jaundice
Causes of low platelet count?
The trapped platelets- Spleen is the component of the lymph system discovered on the left hand below the ribs above the stomach. Above all, the spleen is a smooth, spongy organ that is essential to maintain the equilibrium of body fluids.
Therefore, spleen performs a crucial role in stopping infection by generating white blood cells, recycling iron and usually filtering or removing damaged blood cells from the bloodstream, and storing red blood cells and platelets.
Decrease platelet making- Deletion of megakaryocytes or suppression of bone marrow will reduce platelet output leading to thrombocytopenia.
Chemotherapy — A major cause of thrombocytopenia is chemotherapy or radiation therapy. Therefore, bone marrow suppression (myelosuppression) is a prevalent side effect of chemotherapy in the bone marrow that develops tumors that boost the likelihood of anemia, thrombocytopenia, and neutropenia.
Immune thrombocytopenia (ITP) — ITP is an autoimmune hematological disorder that affects platelets and shows a low number of platelets.
Treatment
The knowledge of the underlying pathophysiological procedures in the growth of the disease is a significant approach to effective thrombocytopenia therapy.
Therefore, thrombocytopenia may be either primary or secondary in that it may accompany a wide range of syndromes and illnesses and may be triggered by different mechanisms. Also, in TTP, heparin-induced thrombocytopenia, acute leukemia, or even serious ITP, prompt inquiry and identification can be essential sometimes.
Above all, taking a detailed background and a thorough physical study can provide hints about possible underlying illnesses and medical treatments.
Conclusion
The second most prevalent hematologic disorder after anemia is thrombocytopenia. Therefore, it has different causes like medicines, chemicals, clinical illnesses, foods, and additives.
Also, It can influence both male and female, but in pregnant females, it is most probable.
Above all, comprehension of auto-pathology is essential for thrombocytopenia therapy. Therefore, treatment of thrombocytopenia relies on patients severity and condition.
